Astronomy and Local Culture Dialectics; Kiai á¹¢ÄÂliḥ Darat's Idea in the Integration of the Hijriyah Calendar

Muhamad Zainal Mawahib*  -  Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo, Indonesia
Maskur Rosyid  -  Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo, Indonesia
Muhammad Syarif Hidayat  -  UIN Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

(*) Corresponding Author
DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2019.29.2.4408
This paper aims to trace the genealogy of the Kiai á¹¢ÄÂliḥ Darat in the field of falak sciences and the approach he used in uniting the differences in the initial determination of Ramadan in Semarang. This study is important, considering Kiai á¹¢ÄÂliḥ Darat is more an expert in the field of Sufism. On the other hand, Kiai á¹¢ÄÂliḥ Darat was also positioned as an early generation Falak Indonesian expert (salaf). This paper includes a historical study that conducts critical analysis of data that has been isolated from various literatures. The results of the study showed that the expertise of Kiai á¹¢ÄÂliḥ Darat in the field of falak knowledge was obtained when conducting scientific jouney for Semarang scholars to al-Haramayn scholars. Kiai á¹¢ÄÂliḥ Darat initiated a deliberation to determine the beginning of the month of Ramadan. This discussion involved ulama, astronomer, habaib and umara in Kauman Mosque in Semarang. The idea of deliberation is aimed at eliminating differences in society in determining the beginning of fasting. The idea of the initial unification of Ramadlan through deliberation was the substance of the Dugderan Tradition in Semarang, Central Java

Keywords: Kiai Ṣāliḥ Darat, genealogy, islamic astronomy, local culture

  1. Ahmad Fauzi Ilyas. ‘Tradisi Ilmiah Ulama Falak Haramian Akhir Abad 19 M dan Awal Abas 20 M (Profil Syaikh Muhammad Zein (W. 1388/1967) dan Kontribusinya dalam Ilmu Falak)’. Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan 1, no. 1 (2015).
  2. Al-FadanÄ«, Syaikh Muḥammad YÄÂsÄ«n bin ‘ĪsÄÂ. Al-‘Iqd al-FarÄ«d min al-JawÄÂhir al-AsÄÂnid,. Surabaya: DÄÂr al-Saqaf, n.d.
  3. Al-FadanÄ«, Syaikh Muḥammad YÄÂsÄ«n bin ‘ĪsÄÂ. Al-WÄÂfÄ« bi Dhayl Tadhkah al-MaṣḥafÄ«. Lebanon: DÄÂr al-BashÄ«r, 2008.
  4. Al-FalimbÄÂnÄ«, Muḥammad MukhtÄÂruddÄ«n. BulÅ«gh al-AmÄÂnÄ«. Beirut: DÄÂr al-Dutaybah, 1988.
  5. Al-TarmasÄ«, Syaikh Maḥfūẓ. KifÄÂyah Al-MustafÄ«d li mĠ‘alÄ min al-AsÄÂnid. Lebanon: DÄÂr al-BashÄÂ’ir al-IslÄÂmiyah, n.d.
  6. Azhari, Susiknan. Ensiklopedi Hisab Rukyat. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2008.
  7. Azhari, Susiknan. Ilmu Falak; Perjumpaan Khazanah Islam dan Sains Modern. Yogyakarta: Suara Muhammadiyah, 2007.
  8. Aziz, Akhmad Luthfi. ‘Internalisasi Pemikiran KH. Muhammad Sholeh Darat di Komunitas Pecintanya: Perspektif Sosiologi Pengetahuan’. Living Islam: Journal of Islamic Discourses 1, no. 2 (November 28, 2018). http://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/ushuluddin/li/article/view/ 1733.
  9. Aziz, Munawir. ‘Produksi Wacana Syiar Islam dalam Kitab Pegon Kiai Saleh Darat Semarang dan Kiai Bisri Musthofa Rembang’. Afkaruna: Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Studies 9, no. 2 (2017).
  10. Azra, Azyumardi. Historiografi Islam Kontemporer; Wacana, Aktualitas Dan Aktor Sejarah. Jakarta: Gramedia, 2002.
  11. Bizawie, Zainul Milal. Masterpiece Islam Nusantara. Jakarta: Pustaka Kompas, 2016.
  12. Dzahir, Abu Malikus Salih. Sejarah dan Perjuangan Kyai Muhammad Shaleh Darat Semarang. Semarang: Panitia Haul Kyai Shaleh Darat Semarang, 2012.
  13. El-Seha, Mastuki HS dan Ishom. Intelektualisme Pesantren. Jakarta: Diva Pustaka, 2004.
  14. Jayusman. ‘Pemikiran Ilmu Falak Kyai Noor Ahmad SS’. IAIN Walisongo Semarang, 2013.
  15. Jayusman. ‘Sejarah Perkembangan Ilmu Falak Sebuah Ilustrasi Paradoks Perkembangan Sains dalam Islam’. Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan 1, no. 1 (February 24, 2017).
  16. Kartodirdjo, Sartono. ‘Metode Penggunaan Bahan Dokumenter’. In Metode-Metode Penelitian Masyarakat, edited by Koentjaraningrat. Jakarta: Gramedia, 1977.
  17. Maryani. ‘Studi Analisis Metode Penentuan Waktu Salat dalam Kitab Ad-Durus Al-Falakiyyah Karya Ma’sum Bin Ali’. IAIN Walisongo Semarang, 2010.
  18. Masrur, Mohammad. ‘Kyai Soleh Darat, Faid Al-Rahman, dan RA. Kartini’. At-Taqaddum 4, no. 1 (2016): 21–38. http://journal.walisongo.ac.id/index.php/attaqaddum/article/view/725.
  19. Masruroh. ‘Studi Analisis Hisab Awal Bulan Kamariah Menurut KH. Muhammad Hasan Asy’ari dalam Kitab Muntaha Nataij Al-Aqwal’. Institute Agama Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, 2011.
  20. Masyhuri, Aziz. 99 Kyai Kharismatik Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Kutub, 2008.
  21. Mubit, Rizal. ‘Hisab Awal Waktu Salat dalam Kitab “al-Khulashah fi al-Awqat al-Syar’iyyah bi al-Lugharitmiyyah†Karya Muhammad Khumaidi Jazry’. Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan 2, no. 1 (December 30, 2016): 64–82.
  22. Muhammad, Djawahir. Semarang Sepanjang Jalan Kenangan. Edited by Djawahir Muhammad. Semarang: Penerbit Aktor Studio, 1995.
  23. Munfaridah, Imroatul. ‘Studi Kritik Terhadap Penentuan Arah Kiblat dan Awal Bulan Qamariyah Pemikiran KH. Ahmad Dahlan’. Institut Agama Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, 2011.
  24. Munir, Ghazali. Tuhan, Manusia dan Alam dalam Pemikiran Kalam Muhammad Salih as-Samarani. Semarang: Rasail, 2008.
  25. Muspriyanto, Edy, and Saifur. Semarang Tempo Doeloe; Meretas Masa. Semarang: Terang Publishing, 2007.
  26. Nasir, M. Rifa Jamaluddin. ‘Pemikiran Hisab KH. Ma’shum Bin Ali Al-Maskumambangi (Analisis Terhadap Kitab Badi’ah al-Mithal fi Hisab al-Sinin wa al-Hilal tentang Hisab Al-Hilal)’. IAIN Walisongo Semarang, 2010.
  27. Nata, Abuddin. Sejarah Sosial Inteletual Islam dan Institusi Pendidikannya. Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada, 2012.
  28. Penulis, Tim. Intelektualisme Pesantren: Potret Tokoh dan Cakrawala Pemikiran di Era Perkembangan Pesantren. Jakarta: Diva Pesantren, 2006.
  29. Ricklefs, M.C. Sejarah Indonesia Modern. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press, 1998.
  30. Sahal, Hamzah. ‘Ihwal Warak Ngendok dan Dugderan’. NU Online. Last modified 2011. Accessed December 27, 2019. https://www.nu.or.id/post/read/33261/ihwal-warak-ngendok-dan-dugderan.
  31. Salam, Abd. Dr. H. Sriyatin Shodiq, MA, Doktor ‘Ilmu Falak’; Sebuah Apresiasi dari Seorang Senior, Teman dan Murid, 2012.
  32. Shokheh, Mukhamad. Gerakan Keagamaan dan Perubahan Sosial; Dakwah Islam dan Misi Katolik di Semarang 1890-194. Pati: Kireinara, 2014.
  33. á¹¢iddÄ«q, ‘Amal Ramaá¸ÂÄÂn ‘Abd al-ḤakÄ«m. Al-Ḥayah al-‘Ilmiyyah fÄ« Makkah 1115-1334 H / 1703 – 1916 M. Mekah: Jam’iyyah Umm al-QurÄÂ, 2006.
  34. Siraj, Said Aqil. ‘Kata Pengantar’. In Syarah Hikam: KH. Sholeh Darat, Maha Guru Ulama Besar Nusantara, edited by Miftahul Ulum. Depok: Sahifa, 2016.
  35. Steenbrink, Karel A. Pesantren Madrasah Sekolah Pendidikan Islam dalam Kurun Modern. Edited by Karel A. Steenbrink and Abdurrahman. Jakarta: LP3S, 1991.
  36. Supramono. ‘Makna Warak Ngendog dalam Tradisi Ritual Dugderan di Kota Semarang’. Universitas Negeri Semarang, 2007.
  37. Triyanto, Nur Rokhmat, and Mujiyono -. ‘Warak Ngendhog: Simbol Akulturasi Budaya pada Karya Seni Rupa’. Komunitas: International Journal of Indonesian Society and Culture 5, no. 2 (February 18, 2014).
  38. Ulum, Amirul. KH Muhammad Sholeh Darat Al-Samarani; Mahaguru Ulama Nusantara. Yogyakarta: Global Press, 2016.
  39. Wahid, Abdurrahman. ‘Penelitian Kitab Kuning’. Harian Kompas, 1982.
  40. Zubair, KH. Maimoen. TarÄÂjim MashÄÂyikh al-Ma’ÄÂhid al-DÄ«niyyah bi Sarang al-QudamÄÂ’. Rembang: Maktabah Al-Anwar, n.d.

Open Access Copyright (c) 2019 Al-Ahkam
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Publisher
Faculty of Sharia and Law Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang
in collaboration with Indonesian Consortium Sharia Scholar (KSSI)
Jl Prof. Dr. Hamka Kampus III Ngaliyan Semarang 50185
Phone: 024 7601291
https://fsh.walisongo.ac.id/
email: [email protected]

 Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

View:  Visitor | Country  

 
apps